NEET CHEMISTRY PYQ 30 MCQS QUIZ AUGUST 19

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NEET Chemistry Theory-Based Chapter Test

30 MCQs | PYQ-Style Questions

+4 Correct | -1 Incorrect | 0 Unattempted

Instructions

• 30 theory-based Chemistry MCQs.
• Questions are designed in a NEET/PYQ-style format.
• No numerical/calculation-based questions are included.
• Each correct answer carries 4 marks.
• Each incorrect answer carries -1 mark.
• Correct answers and explanations appear after submission.

Test Result

1. Which statement correctly describes an ideal solution?

A. It always shows positive deviation from Raoult's law B. It obeys Raoult's law over the entire range of concentration C. It always forms an azeotrope D. It has zero vapour pressure

Correct Answer: B. It obeys Raoult's law over the entire range of concentration.
An ideal solution obeys Raoult's law throughout the composition range and has intermolecular interactions similar to those in the pure components.

2. Which colligative property is most useful for determining the molar mass of proteins?

A. Elevation in boiling point B. Depression in freezing point C. Osmotic pressure D. Relative lowering of vapour pressure

Correct Answer: C. Osmotic pressure.
Osmotic pressure can be measured at room temperature and is particularly suitable for high-molar-mass substances such as proteins.

3. According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can be:

A. Neither created nor destroyed B. Created but not destroyed C. Destroyed but not created D. Created and destroyed simultaneously

Correct Answer: A. Neither created nor destroyed.
The first law represents the law of conservation of energy.

4. Which thermodynamic quantity is a state function?

A. Heat B. Work C. Path length D. Enthalpy

Correct Answer: D. Enthalpy.
Enthalpy is a state function because its change depends only on the initial and final states.

5. A reaction is spontaneous when, under the given conditions:

A. ΔG is always positive B. ΔG is negative C. ΔH is always positive D. ΔS is always negative

Correct Answer: B. ΔG is negative.
At constant temperature and pressure, a process is spontaneous when Gibbs free energy change is negative.

6. The equilibrium constant of a reaction is affected by:

A. Catalyst B. Concentration only C. Temperature D. Addition of inert gas in every case

Correct Answer: C. Temperature.
The equilibrium constant changes with temperature. A catalyst changes the rate of reaching equilibrium but not the value of K.

7. A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction by:

A. Providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy B. Increasing the equilibrium constant C. Increasing the enthalpy of reaction D. Changing the products formed

Correct Answer: A. Providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy.
Catalysts increase reaction rate by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy.

8. According to Le Chatelier's principle, a system at equilibrium responds to a change by:

A. Stopping the reaction B. Increasing the change applied C. Ignoring the change D. Opposing the imposed change

Correct Answer: D. Opposing the imposed change.
An equilibrium system shifts in a direction that tends to counteract the applied change.

9. The oxidation state of oxygen in most compounds is:

A. +2 B. +1 C. -2 D. 0

Correct Answer: C. -2.
Oxygen generally has an oxidation state of -2, with important exceptions such as peroxides and OF₂.

10. Which element generally shows the highest electronegativity?

A. Oxygen B. Fluorine C. Chlorine D. Nitrogen

Correct Answer: B. Fluorine.
Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table.

11. Which type of bond is formed by sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

A. Covalent bond B. Ionic bond C. Metallic bond D. Hydrogen bond

Correct Answer: A. Covalent bond.
A covalent bond involves sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

12. Which molecule has a linear shape?

A. NH₃ B. H₂O C. CH₄ D. CO₂

Correct Answer: D. CO₂.
CO₂ has two electron domains around carbon and therefore has a linear molecular geometry.

13. The hybridisation of carbon in methane is:

A. sp B. sp² C. sp³ D. dsp²

Correct Answer: C. sp³.
Carbon in CH₄ forms four equivalent sigma bonds and has sp³ hybridisation.

14. Which quantum number determines the shape of an orbital?

A. Principal quantum number B. Azimuthal quantum number C. Magnetic quantum number D. Spin quantum number

Correct Answer: B. Azimuthal quantum number.
The azimuthal quantum number determines the subshell and shape of the orbital.

15. According to Aufbau principle, electrons occupy:

A. Higher-energy orbitals first B. Orbitals randomly C. Only s orbitals D. Lower-energy orbitals first

Correct Answer: D. Lower-energy orbitals first.
The Aufbau principle states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy.

16. Which of the following is a characteristic property of transition elements?

A. Variable oxidation states B. Absence of metallic character C. Complete absence of complex formation D. Always colourless compounds

Correct Answer: A. Variable oxidation states.
Transition elements commonly show variable oxidation states because of the comparable energies of ns and (n−1)d electrons.

17. Which property is generally characteristic of lanthanides?

A. Strong tendency to form only anions B. Complete absence of oxidation states C. Lanthanide contraction D. Absence of metallic character

Correct Answer: C. Lanthanide contraction.
Lanthanide contraction refers to the gradual decrease in atomic and ionic radii across the lanthanide series.

18. Which gas is mainly responsible for the greenhouse effect among the following?

A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Nitrogen D. Hydrogen

Correct Answer: B. Carbon dioxide.
Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas that absorbs outgoing infrared radiation.

19. Which compound is commonly known as baking soda?

A. Na₂CO₃ B. CaCO₃ C. K₂CO₃ D. NaHCO₃

Correct Answer: D. NaHCO₃.
Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃) is commonly called baking soda.

20. Which gas is evolved when an acid reacts with a carbonate?

A. Carbon dioxide B. Oxygen C. Hydrogen D. Nitrogen

Correct Answer: A. Carbon dioxide.
Acids react with carbonates to form salt, water and carbon dioxide.

21. Which functional group is characteristic of alcohols?

A. −CHO B. −COOH C. −OH D. −CO−

Correct Answer: C. −OH.
The hydroxyl group (−OH) is the characteristic functional group of alcohols.

22. Which functional group is present in aldehydes?

A. −CHO B. −COOH C. −OH D. −O−

Correct Answer: A. −CHO.
Aldehydes contain the terminal formyl group (−CHO).

23. Which type of isomerism arises when compounds have the same molecular formula but different carbon skeletons?

A. Functional isomerism B. Position isomerism C. Optical isomerism D. Chain isomerism

Correct Answer: D. Chain isomerism.
Chain isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of the carbon skeleton.

24. Benzene is classified as:

A. Aliphatic hydrocarbon B. Aromatic hydrocarbon C. Saturated cyclic hydrocarbon D. Alkene

Correct Answer: B. Aromatic hydrocarbon.
Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon and possesses a delocalised π-electron system.

25. Which reagent is commonly used to distinguish aldehydes from ketones?

A. NaCl solution B. Dilute HCl C. Tollens' reagent D. NaOH solution only

Correct Answer: C. Tollens' reagent.
Aldehydes generally reduce Tollens' reagent to produce a silver mirror, whereas ordinary ketones do not.

26. Amines are considered derivatives of:

A. Ammonia B. Methane C. Carbon dioxide D. Water

Correct Answer: A. Ammonia.
Amines can be regarded as derivatives of ammonia in which hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl groups.

27. Which biomolecule is primarily responsible for carrying genetic information?

A. Protein B. Lipid C. Carbohydrate D. Nucleic acid

Correct Answer: D. Nucleic acid.
DNA is the primary genetic material in cellular organisms, while RNA serves as genetic material in some viruses.

28. Which carbohydrate is known as fruit sugar?

A. Glucose B. Fructose C. Sucrose D. Lactose

Correct Answer: B. Fructose.
Fructose is a monosaccharide commonly known as fruit sugar.

29. Which polymer is formed by condensation polymerisation?

A. Polyethylene B. Polystyrene C. Nylon-6,6 D. PVC

Correct Answer: C. Nylon-6,6.
Nylon-6,6 is produced by condensation polymerisation of a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid.

30. Which type of drug is used to neutralise excess acid in the stomach?

A. Antibiotic B. Antiseptic C. Analgesic D. Antacid

Correct Answer: D. Antacid.
Antacids are basic substances that neutralise excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

NEET Chemistry Theory-Based Practice Test