10TH CBSE SST Nationalism In India

Question 1.

Who had designed the ‘Swaraj Flag’ by 1921? Explain the main features of the ‘Swaraj Flag’.
Answer:
By 1921, Gandhiji had designed the Swaraj Flag. The main features of this flag were as
follows.
It was a tricolour (saffron, green and white).
It had a spinning wheel in the centre, representing the Gandhian ideal of self-help.
Question 2.
‘The Civil Disobedience Movement was different from the Non-Cooperation Movement.’
Support the statement with examples.
Answer:
The Civil Disobedience Movement differed from the Non-Cooperation Movement in the
following ways.
Question 3.
What type of flag was designed during the Swadeshi Movement’ in Bengal? Explain its main features.
Answer:
During the ‘Swadeshi Movement’ in Bengal, a tricolour flag (red, green and yellow) was
designed.Nationalism in India 39
It had eight lotuses, representing eight provinces of British India.
It also had a crescent moon, representing Hindus and Muslims

 Question 4.

‘The plantation workers in Assam had their own understanding of Mahatma Gandhi and the notion of Swaraj.’ Support the statement with arguments.
Answer:
The plantation workers in Assam had their own understanding of Mahatma Gandhi and the notion of Swaraj. This statement can be supported by the following arguments.
For plantation workers in Assam, freedom meant right to move freely in and out of the confined space in which they were enclosed, and to retain a link with the native village.
When they heard of the Non-Cooperation Movement thousands of workers left the plantations and headed home.
They believed that Gandhi Raj meant that they would be given land in their own villages.
However, due to steamer and railway strike, thousands were stranded on the way. .

 

 Question 5.

Why did different social groups join the Civil Disobedience Movement. Explain.
Answer:
Different social groups joined the Civil Disobedience Movement. Three of them are listed
below.
Rich peasant communities like Patidars of Gujarat and Jats of Uttar Pradesh – joined
the movement because, being producers of commercial crops, they were hard-hit by
depression and falling prices. For them, Swaraj meant struggle against high revenues.
Poor peasants joined the struggle because they found it difficult to pay the rent. They
wanted the unpaid rent to be remitted.
Rich business classes were against colonial policies which restricted trade. They joined
the movement because they wanted protection against import of foreign goods. They
thought that Swaraj would cancel colonial restrictions and trade would flourish without
constraints

Question 6.
Simon Commission was greeted with slogan ‘Go Back Simon’ at arrival in India. Support this reaction of Indians with arguments
Answer:
Simon Commission was to look into the functioning of the constitutional system in India
and suggest changes. The Commission tjid not have a single Indian member. They
were all British. According to Indians, the commission did not hold any hopes for further
constitutional reforms.
Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928. It was greeted with the slogan ‘Go Back
Simon’ and black flags.
All parties including the Congress and Muslim League, participated in the
demonstrations.