10TH CBSE SCIENCE BIOLOGY QUIZ 25 MCQS WITH ANSWERS

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CBSE Class 10 Biology – 25 PYQ-Based MCQ Quiz

Biology-focused practice from CBSE Class 10 Science previous-year board-question themes.

Select one answer for each question and click Submit Quiz.

Note: These are PYQ-based/paraphrased practice questions, not a verbatim reproduction of CBSE papers. They cover Life Processes, Control and Coordination, Reproduction, Heredity and Evolution, and Our Environment.

Life Processes

1. Which structure in a leaf is mainly responsible for exchange of gases with the atmosphere?

(A) Xylem(B) Stomata(C) Phloem(D) Root hairs

Correct Answer: (B) Stomata

Life Processes

2. Stomata close when water moves out of guard cells. What is the main advantage?

(A) It increases water loss(B) It increases mineral absorption(C) It helps reduce excessive water loss(D) It stops photosynthesis permanently

Correct Answer: (C) It helps reduce excessive water loss

Life Processes

3. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs towards the heart?

(A) Pulmonary artery(B) Vena cava(C) Aorta(D) Pulmonary vein

Correct Answer: (D) Pulmonary vein

Life Processes

4. Which structure in the small intestine provides a large surface area for absorption of digested food?

(A) Villi(B) Salivary glands(C) Oesophagus(D) Large intestine

Correct Answer: (A) Villi

Life Processes

5. During vigorous exercise, cramps may occur due to accumulation of:

(A) Ethanol(B) Lactic acid(C) Carbon dioxide only(D) Urea

Correct Answer: (B) Lactic acid

Control and Coordination

6. Which part of the nervous system mainly coordinates reflex actions?

(A) Cerebrum(B) Cerebellum(C) Spinal cord(D) Medulla only

Correct Answer: (C) Spinal cord

Control and Coordination

7. Which plant hormone is primarily associated with growth towards light?

(A) Auxin(B) Cytokinin(C) Abscisic acid(D) Ethylene

Correct Answer: (A) Auxin

Control and Coordination

8. Which part of the brain is mainly responsible for maintaining posture and balance?

(A) Cerebrum(B) Medulla(C) Hypothalamus(D) Cerebellum

Correct Answer: (D) Cerebellum

Control and Coordination

9. Which hormone helps lower the blood glucose level?

(A) Thyroxine(B) Insulin(C) Adrenaline(D) Growth hormone

Correct Answer: (B) Insulin

Reproduction

10. A new individual developing as an outgrowth from its parent is an example of:

(A) Fragmentation(B) Binary fission(C) Budding(D) Spore formation

Correct Answer: (C) Budding

Reproduction

11. Binary fission in Leishmania results in:

(A) Two daughter individuals(B) Many spores(C) A bud(D) Gametes

Correct Answer: (A) Two daughter individuals

Reproduction

12. Plasmodium commonly reproduces asexually by:

(A) Budding(B) Fragmentation(C) Binary fission(D) Multiple fission

Correct Answer: (D) Multiple fission

Reproduction

13. A major advantage of sexual reproduction is that it:

(A) Always produces identical offspring(B) Creates greater genetic variation(C) Requires only one parent(D) Never involves gametes

Correct Answer: (B) Creates greater genetic variation

Reproduction

14. The two reproductive parts of a bisexual flower are:

(A) Sepal and petal(B) Petal and anther(C) Stamen and pistil(D) Stigma and sepal

Correct Answer: (C) Stamen and pistil

Reproduction

15. Which organism is well known for reproduction through regeneration when cut into pieces?

(A) Planaria(B) Human(C) Mango plant(D) Frog

Correct Answer: (A) Planaria

Heredity

16. A cross between Tt and tt is expected to give:

(A) Only tall plants(B) Only dwarf plants(C) 3 tall : 1 dwarf(D) 1 tall : 1 dwarf

Correct Answer: (D) 1 tall : 1 dwarf

Heredity

17. In Mendel's experiments, the trait expressed in the F1 generation when contrasting traits are crossed is called:

(A) Recessive(B) Dominant(C) Mutated(D) Acquired

Correct Answer: (B) Dominant

Heredity

18. A cross between pure tall and pure dwarf pea plants is expected to produce an F1 generation of:

(A) Only dwarf plants(B) Equal tall and dwarf plants(C) Only tall plants(D) Only intermediate plants

Correct Answer: (C) Only tall plants

Heredity

19. Why are offspring produced by sexual reproduction not exact copies of their parents?

(A) Genetic material from two parents is combined(B) Offspring receive no DNA(C) Only environment determines traits(D) Cell division never occurs

Correct Answer: (A) Genetic material from two parents is combined

Heredity and Evolution

20. Why can variations be useful to a species over a long period?

(A) They always eliminate organisms(B) They prevent reproduction(C) They make every individual identical(D) They can improve survival when conditions change

Correct Answer: (D) They can improve survival when conditions change

Our Environment

21. Which is most likely to be a producer in a terrestrial food chain?

(A) Lion(B) Green plant(C) Mushroom(D) Earthworm

Correct Answer: (B) Green plant

Our Environment

22. Approximately what fraction of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next?

(A) 1%(B) 50%(C) 10%(D) 90%

Correct Answer: (C) 10%

Our Environment

23. Which group contains materials that are generally biodegradable?

(A) Vegetable waste and paper(B) Plastic and glass(C) Polythene and synthetic fibre(D) Aluminium foil and plastic

Correct Answer: (A) Vegetable waste and paper

Our Environment

24. Which group of chemicals is mainly associated with depletion of the ozone layer?

(A) Oxygen(B) Nitrogen(C) Carbon dioxide(D) Chlorofluorocarbons

Correct Answer: (D) Chlorofluorocarbons

Our Environment

25. Which statement about food chains is correct?

(A) Energy increases at higher trophic levels(B) Energy decreases as we move to higher trophic levels(C) Producers receive no energy from the Sun(D) Decomposers are always top consumers

Correct Answer: (B) Energy decreases as we move to higher trophic levels

CBSE Class 10 Biology • PYQ-Based Practice Quiz • 25 MCQs