10TH CBSE ENGLISH Read the following passage ANSWERS THE QUESTIONS 2

 

Read the following passage:- 12marks
1. India is rushing headlong towards economic success and modernisation, counting on
high tech industries such as information technology and biotechnology to propel the nation to
prosperity. India’s recent announcement that it would no longer produce unlicensed
inexpensive generic pharmaceuticals bowed to the realities of the World Trade Organisation
while at the same time challenging the domestic drug industry to compete with the
multinational firms. Unfortunately, its weak higher education sector constitutes the Achilles’
heel of this strategy. Its systematic disinvestment in higher education in recent years has
yielded neither world-class research nor very many highly trained scholars, scientists or
managers to sustain high-tech development.
2.India’s main competitors – especially China but also Singapore, Taiwan and South Korea
– are investing in large and differentiated higher education systems. They are providing
access to large numbers of students at the bottom of the academic system while at the same
time building some research-based universities that are able to compete with the world’s
best institutions. The recent London Times Higher Education Supplement ranking of the
world’s top 200 universities included three in China, three in Hong Kong, three in South
Korea, one in Taiwan, and one in India. These countries are positioning themselves for
leadership in the knowledge-based economies of the coming era.
3.There was a time when countries could achieve economic success with cheap labour and
low-tech manufacturing. Low wages still help, but contemporary large-scale development
requires a sophisticated and at least partly knowledge-based economy. India has chosen
that path, but will find a major stumbling block in its university system.
4.. India has significant advantages in the 21st century knowledge race. It has a large higher

education sector the third largest in the world in student numbers, after China and the United
States. It uses English as a primary language of higher education and research. It has a long
academic tradition. Academic freedom is respected. There are a small number of highquality                                                                                    institutions, departments, and centres that can form the basis of quality sector in
higher education. The fact that the states, rather than the Central Government, exercise
major responsibility for higher education creates a rather cumbersome structure, but the
system allows for a variety of policies and approaches.
5.Yet the weakness far outweighs the strengths. India educates approximately 10 percent
of its young people in higher education compared with more than half in the major
industrialised countries and 15 percent in China. Almost all of the world’s academic systems
resemble a pyramid, with a small high-quality tier at the top and a massive sector at the
bottom. India has a tiny top tier. None of its universities occupies a solid position at the top. A
few of the best universities have some excellent departments and centres, and there are a
small number of outstanding undergraduate colleges. The University Grants Commission’s
recent major support of five universities to build on their recognised strength is a step
towards recognising a differentiated academic system and fostering excellence. These
universities, combined, enrol well under one percent of the student population.

 

Based on the understanding of the passage, answer the following questions: -
(I)Which of the following is true in the context of the passage? 1 mark
(a) The top five Universities in India educate more than 10 percent of the Indian
student population.
(b) India’s higher education sector is the largest in the world.
(c) In the past, countries could progress economically through low manufacturing
cost as well as low wages of labourers.
(d) All of these.
(II)Which of the following is / are India’s strength(s) in terms of higher education?
1 mark
A. Its system of higher education allows variations.
B. Medium of instruction for most higher learning is English.
C. It has the paraphernalia, albeit small in number, to build a high quality higher
educational sector.
(a) Only B (b) Only A & B (c) Only C (d) All A, B, C
(III)Which of the following is possibly the most appropriate title for the passage?
1 mark
(a) The future of Indian Universities.
(b) Methods of overcoming the Educational Deficit in India.
(c) India and the Hunt for a Knowledge Based Economy.
(d) Indian Economy Vs Chinese Economy
(IV) What does the phrase ‘Achilles’heel’ mean as used in the passage?1 mark
(a) weakness (b) Quickness (c) Low quality (d) Nimbleness
(V)Choose the antonym of the word ‘massive’. (para-5) 1 mark

(a) enormous (b) gigantic (c) miniature (d) hefty
(VI)State whether the following statement is True or False.1 mark
India has the least percentage of young population taking to higher education as
compared to the rest of the comparable countries.
(VII)Find a word from paragraph – 5 which has the same meaning as “mirror”.
1 mark
(VIII)What did India agree to do at the behest of the World Trade Organisation?
1 mark
(IX)What are needed for the economic success of a country, according to the
passage? 2 marks
(X) What are Asian countries other than India, doing to head towards a knowledgebased economy? (two points) 2 marks